Ces domaines incluent la gestion des milieux marins, l'aménagement urbain, les nappes phréatiques, les risques de glisse-ment de terrain, la compréhension de la géochimie des sols et de l'eau et la sécurisa-tion des matières premières. De nombreux domaines de recherche per-tinents pour les politiques liées au change-ment climatique sont fondés sur les sciences géologiques-bien plus que ce qui est géné-ralement reconnu par le public ou les déci-deurs. This vast store of baseline data, information, and knowledge is crucial for informed pan-European decision making and is considered the core of a future Geological Service for Europe. Through the concerted collaborative efforts, over many years, of EuroGeoSurveys-the Geological Surveys of Europe-national datasets bearing on these and other areas have been harmonised at European scale and delivered through an online digital platform, the European Geological Data Infrastructure. These fields include management of marine environments, urban development, groundwater, landslide risk, understanding the geochemistry of soils and water, and securing raw materials. Many fields of research relevant to climate-change-related policy are grounded in geological sciences-far more than is generally recognised by the public or policy makers. The full dataset of long-term average actual evapotranspiration, effective precipitation, recharge coefficients and groundwater recharge is available through the EuroGeoSurveys' open access European Geological Data Infrastructure (EGDI). At country scale, the results were compared to a German recharge map showing great similarity. The Pan-European groundwater recharge pattern compares well with results from the global hydrological model PCR-GLOBWB 2. The groundwater recharge map provides harmonised high-resolution estimates across Europe and locally relevant estimates for areas where this information is otherwise not available, while being consistent with the existing national gridded datasets. A common feature of the approach is the validation and training against effective precipitation, recharge coefficients and groundwater recharge from seven national gridded datasets covering the UK, Ireland, Finland, Denmark, the Netherlands, France and Spain, representing a wide range of climatic and hydrogeological conditions across Europe. Secondly, a machine learning model based on the Random Forest regressor was developed for mapping groundwater recharge coefficients, using a range of covariates related to geology, soil, topography and climate. As an initial step, the approach developed for continental scale mapping consists of a merged estimate of actual evapotranspiration originating from satellite data and the vegetation controlled Budyko approach to subsequently estimate effective precipitation. A high-resolution (1 km × 1 km) dataset consisting of long-term average actual evapotranspiration, effective precipitation, a groundwater recharge coefficient, and the resulting groundwater recharge map has been created for all of Europe using a variety of pan-European and seven national gridded datasets. Groundwater recharge quantification is essential for sustainable groundwater resources management, but typically limited to local and regional scale estimates.
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |